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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

中国代表呼吁国际社会继续支持伊拉克打击恐怖主义******

　　中新社联合国2月2日电 联合国安理会2日举行伊拉克问题公开会。中国常驻联合国副代表戴兵在会上呼吁国际社会继续支持伊拉克打击恐怖主义，肃清“伊斯兰国”等恐怖极端势力，防止其回流蔓延，巩固来之不易的反恐成果。

　　当天，联合国秘书长伊拉克问题特别代表亨尼斯-普拉斯哈特作通报。她表示，约三个月前，伊拉克国民议会选举产生新一任总统并确认新一届政府构成，结束了长达一年多的紧张局势、政治不和与权力较量。她敦促伊拉克政界把握机遇期，处理好腐败、安全、社会发展、公共服务等问题，让这个国家彻底摆脱不稳定与脆弱的循环。

　　戴兵发言说，当前，伊拉克安全形势依然严峻，恐怖残余势力仍在不断发动不对称袭击，造成包括平民在内的人员伤亡。联合国收集“伊斯兰国”在伊罪证调查组要尽快向伊拉克移交所收集证据，助力伊拉克根据本国法律将恐怖分子绳之以法。中方欢迎伊拉克持续推进叙利亚霍尔营地内伊拉克公民的遣返和安置工作，敦促有关国家像伊拉克一样负起责任，尽快推进在伊外国恐怖作战分子及其家属的甄别和遣返。

　　戴兵表示，根据秘书长报告，战争遗留爆炸物和简易爆炸装置持续造成伊拉克平民伤亡，是伊拉克儿童伤亡的主要原因。这些爆炸物很多都是二十年前战争留下来的，当年发动战争的国家应该主动站出来，在帮助伊拉克扫雷、援助受害者等方面拿出实际行动。

　　戴兵说，伊拉克的和平离不开稳定的地区环境。中方多次强调，伊拉克不是地缘争夺的博弈场。中方支持伊拉克同地区国家发展睦邻友好关系，共同应对跨境挑战。中方呼吁有关各方尊重伊拉克主权、独立和领土完整，通过同伊拉克政府开展合作的方式解决自身安全关切。

　　戴兵说，过去几十年，伊拉克饱受战争冲击，人民历尽苦难。国际社会应当积极帮助伊拉克重建基础设施，加快经济社会发展，增进民生福祉。联合国伊拉克援助团(联伊援助团)等联合国在伊机构要把资源和精力更多投向伊拉克人民最需要的优先领域，按照授权和彼此分工开展工作，充分发挥国家工作队的作用。今年是联伊援助团成立20周年，有必要以此为契机，在征求伊拉克意见基础上，对联伊援助团工作和绩效进行系统总结和评估，并就特派团中长期前景进行认真研究。

　　戴兵说，中方将继续坚定支持伊拉克维护国家主权、独立、领土完整，将继续支持伊方开展经济重建，帮助伊方恢复工业、改善民生、实现可持续发展。中方愿同国际社会一道，为伊拉克长治久安、为地区和平发展作出积极贡献。(完)

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）